A "Castle Doctrine"
(also known as a Castle Law or a Defense of Habitation Law) is an American legal
concept derived from English Common Law, which designates one's place of
residence (or, in some states, any place legally occupied, such as one's car or
place of work) as a place in which one enjoys protection from illegal
trespassing and violent attack. It then goes on to give a person the legal right
to use deadly force to defend that place (his/her "castle"), and/or any other
innocent persons legally inside it, from violent attack or an intrusion which
may lead to violent attack. Within the legal paradigm, therefore, it functions
as a type of justifiable homicide.
Other states have a "stand-your-ground law," which expressly relieves the home's
occupants of any duty to retreat or announce their intent to use deadly force
before they can be legally justified in doing so to defend themselves. In states
where Castle Law is included as a part of a larger personal-self-defense law,
there may be a duty to retreat if the altercation happens in a place outside the
home, even though there is no duty to retreat if the altercation happens at the
home.
States with a Castle Law and a stand-your-ground
provision include: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Connecticut, Florida, Hawaii,
Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts,
Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, North Carolina,
Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Texas, Tennessee and Utah. States with no known
Castle Law include: Iowa, Maryland, West Virginia and Ohio. -- source
wikipedia.org